Roman Empire- AJ

• The Roman empire as we know today was one of the world's greatest super powers, ruling parts of Asia and Europe. The Roman Empire was Valorous because of its well trained and highly skilled soldiers and military. The Romans had their own complex religion and culture, and they all followed polytheism. This empowerment had led to Conquering other land and easily defeating their opponents. When all the peoples of the conquered land were captured, only few with enough wealth would the Roman government for their own protection. This had been a common practice causing the Roman government to become wealthier, and  having a population of about 49 million. Their city capital was known as Rome, which meant that anyone who had worshiped the Roman were Romanian.
•  The Roman empire was founded at around 753 B.C by their first king, Romulus. Romulus had lead the small city into many battles conquering all of Italy (their home country), and all of the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.  The people of Europe had started to form legions and fight back at the Romans, but they were crushed and their home lands were burned. Many times the Romans had crossed through cities with their armies to make it quicker to the battlefield. Though, there were many resistance fighters who ad fought back, and that angered the Romans. This would result in Much death in the city, and it being burnt to the ground. This was a similar story of someone you may know as Jesus Christ.
• The Roman empire as stated in the first bullet had an up going success rate due to their well trained and disciplined army. The Roman Army was able to walk 40 KM every day as part of their training, or if they had to go fight a war in a distant area. The army had serious training from dusk to dawn exercising their cardio, and muscles. They had very strict rules and discipline, causing there to be severe punishments for unrighteous acts of revolt or disgrace towards their gods. This severity is what gave Rome its valorous army and was able to defeat its enemies. Some of these later great kings were known as, Julius Caesar, and Marc Antony(though Marc Antony had never actually become king). 
• The Romans had specific disciplines and weapons that had helped lead them towards their success and their large time accomplishments. For Example, they had the Roman short sword which was extremely sharp, and their shields were made of bronze (it was able to cover and protect most of the body). The Roman army did not have the best navy compared to the Athenians, but they were great ground fighters, so the made a bridge that would reach out to another ship and let the soldiers aboard. The Romans had a severe punishment when one soldier fights for another city, they let six other soldiers beat him to death with wooden clubs. 
• The scariest punishment was pegging (when soldiers or citizens throw stones and rocks at the traitor until dead. Last but not least, the Roman legions were lead by two Praetorian guards who where the generals of the army, and were chosen b the king. They were also the kings bodyguards and were the best 2 fighters in the Roman army. Though, if the king did not pay them enough, they would murder him or beat him to the death(this had happened often, but was illegal. 
• The Roman Empire was now unstoppable and had simply eradicated almost all of its competition and enemies. The only resistance they had were unorganized barbarian tribes. The large Roman Empire had soon fell when power hungry politician used their men and waged war against each other. The Roman Empire had sadly deteriorated from within, and it was easy for the barbarian tribes to finish them off. Now, the Roman culture, religion, literature, and language is lost.
  

Ancient Mesopotamia- AJ

• Mesopotamia was a large country at the time of about 2,000 b.c existing in what we know today as we know today as Iraq. This civilization had ran across about 1,500 miles in length. Mesopotamia had intervened in between the two most dependent rivers in the middle east known as the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers. They ran throughout the middle east from the Northern border extending out into the Indian ocean. Mesopotamia had a fair population because of their habitats nourishing factors such as good and prominent soil, had good amount of rain, and livable weather conditions. Many peoples from places such as Egypt and Greece had moved into Mesopotamia looking for a more substantial  environment and resources.
• As the people of Mesopotamia had thrived, the population had increased causing the land to extend further out. As more and more people had moved in, Mesopotamia was know existing in what we know as Iraq, Syria,Kuwait,and Turkey. As this land grew towards the Northwest, it had became known as the Fertile crescent. The fertile crescent was in parts of Turkey and Iraq. It was the center place of agriculture for its rich and prominent soil known silt. Archaeologists have discovered why did the fertile crescent have such rich soil. The reason being was that the mountains nearby had snow caps on their tips. When it was summer, all the snow and the ice had melted causing the water to run off the sides of the mountains and on to the land. As the waters flooded, they picked pieces of soil,animal waste,urine,droppings,mud, and purified them. These particles known as silt had gone into the ground making it easy for Agriculture.
• The country of Mesopotamia was thriving, yet there was no ruler. This had soon changed once the peoples causing everyone to follow their own religions and cultures. As this happened, more peoples of different religions fought to rule over the others to make their religion dominant. The Akkadians were the first to rule all of Mesopotamia because of their clever ways. They were ruled by the king, Sargon. Sargon was a strict ruler who believed everyone should be just wit their actions. The Akkadian empire had lasted for 70 years until the Sumerians had revolted against them and conquered most of Mesopotamia. Their king was named Hammurabi who was an extremist when i came to just laws. His people had created one of the first forms of writing called cuneiform.
• This form of writing was used across all of Sumer. Hammurabi was also known for being the first king to write out a series of laws for his peoples to follow. This was called Hammurabi's code, it was a series of over 200 laws for the people of Sumer to follow. This great king believed that a punishment for the person found guilty should be equal to the crime they convicted. This great empire had lasted over 200 years until it was smashed by the Assyrian empire. The Assyrian conquered all the lands and peoples of Mesopotamia and destroyed anyone who resisted.This was due to their powerful military consisting of chariots, war elephants, 250 foot battering ram machines tugged by elephant and horse power. This empire brought rule for  long time and had a series of kings. The most popular king was king Ashur(Ashurbanipal). King Ashur was the first to gather all the tablets of writing across Mesopotamia and to store them in a library. His library is still here today givings us information about the Assyrians.
• After several hundred years, groups of religions and kingdoms had joined together and took over the Assyrians. This was called the Chaldean empire. The Empire had stretched along the Fertile crescent and parts of Turkey. Their king was called Nebopolazzar and was amazingly smart. He helped rebuild his empire. Later on, his son(Nebuchadnezzar) had taken rule after his father had died. Nebuchadnezzar had rebuilt the city of Babylon and made it the capital. He had made Babylon so beautiful that it was the richest city in the world at the time. He also made a 300 foot tall Ziggurat with hanging gardens for his wife. As Nebuchadnezzar had died, a weak series of kings had ruled the Babylonian empire and it became weaker. The Persians had noticed this and conquered the Chaldeans. This had been recorded in history as the fall of Babylonian empire.