Fiddle Castro - AJ

• Fidel Castro was born on his family's sugar plantation near Biran, Cuba.
•  He married Mirta Diaz Balart, the daughter of a wealthy family tied to the Batista regime.
•   They had a son, Fidelito (little Fidel), born in 1949. Mirta filed for divorce when Castro was still in prison after his love letter got switched.
• Castro was in power for 49 years. In that time, there have been 10 U.S. presidents.
• . During a U.S. News interview in 1994, Castro was asked about the prospects of political liberalization and replied that Cuba can be ruled only by the revolution.
  

Table Tennis - AJ

• Table tennis was an an Olympic sport in Seoul.Early Table tennis paddles were made out of cork,cardboard and wood.
• Table tennis is the most popular sport in the world that includes a racket.
• A normal table tennis table is 9 feet long 5 feet wide.
• China, Sweden,Korea are all popular countries for table tennis.
• Table tennis was banned from the soviet union. It was harmful to the eyes.

Ben Franklin - AJ

• To his life's end, Ben Franklin remained a printer and took pride in it. Wherever he lived in Europe or America, he managed to have a printing press at his disposal. 

• Ben Franklin was first in print at age 16 writing his controversial Feminist. 

• At the age of twenty-two Ben Franklin owned Pennsylvania.In Ben Franklin was elected as clerk in a an assemble in Pennsylvania when he in his twenties.

• Ben Franklin taught himself how to speak French,Spanish,Latin and Italian.

• Ben Franklin was already over forty-five years old when he started his experiments in electricity.

Winston Churchill - Anita

• Sir Winston Leonard Spencer was a British politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.
• Churchill's earliest exposure to education occurred in Dublin, where a governess tried teaching him reading, writing, and arithmetic (his first reading book was called 'Reading Without Tears').
• Churchill met his future wife in 1904 at a ball. On 12 September 1908, he and Clementine were married in St. Margaret's, Westminster. 
• Their first child, Diana, was born in London on 11 July 1909. On 28 May 1911, their second child, Randolph was born. Their third child, Sarah, was born on 7 October 1914. Clementine gave birth to her fourth child, Marigold Frances Churchill, on 15 November 1918.
• Link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VwzC2ICsMlw

Coffee - Anita

• According to legend, Ethiopian shepherds first realized the profound caffeinating effects of coffee when they noticed their goats started “dancing” after eating coffee berries.
• The buzz you feel after drinking coffee is actually from ingesting tiny 0.0016-inch crystals of caffeine. So small, yet so energizing!
• It only takes ten minutes to start feeling the effects of caffeine after you take a sip of coffee, so drink up!
• The most expensive coffee in the world is made from elephant dung, and it’s called Black Ivory coffee. It costs $50 per cup. Luwak, aka civet, coffee is made by feeding coffee beans to mongoose and then using its feces. It costs $160 per pound.
• King Charles II banned coffee shops because he thought that that’s where people were meeting to conspire against him.

Bulldogs - Navo

• Bulldog is the name for a breed of dog commonly referred to as the English Bulldog or British Bulldog.
• Other Bulldog breeds include the American Bulldog, Old English Bulldog (now extinct), Olde English Bulldogge, and the French Bulldog. The Bulldog is a muscular, heavy dog with a wrinkled face and a distinctive pushed-in nose.
• The American Kennel Club (AKC), The Kennel Club (UK), and the United Kennel Club (UKC) oversee breeding standards.
• The can be as tall as 12 - 16 inches for both male and females.
• Bulldogs are aggressive and very hard to train so a lot of people leave them at a orphanage.

Bulldog puppy

Salmon - Anita

• Salmon is a common name for several types of fish in the Salmonidae family. Other fish in the Salmonidae are Trout, Char, Grayling and Whitefish. Salmon are native to the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.
• Typically, salmon are anadromous: they are born in fresh water, migrate to the ocean, then return to fresh water toreproduce. However, Many species of Salmon are restricted to live only in Fresh water for their whole lives.
• There are four different types of Salmon : Danube Salmon, Australian Salmon, Hawaiian Salmon and Indian Salmon.
• The salmon has long been at the heart of the culture and livelihood of coastal dwellers. Many people of the northern Pacific shore had a ceremony to honor the first return of the year. For many centuries, people caught salmon as they swam upriver to spawn. A famous spearfishing site on the Columbia River at Celilo Falls was inundated after great dams were built on the river. The Ainu, of northern Japan, trained dogs to catch salmon as they returned to their breeding grounds en masse. Now, salmon are caught in bays and near shore.
• In his 1908 State of Union, Theodore Roosevelt observed that the fisheries were in great decline.

The salmon fisheries of the Columbia River are now but a fraction of what they were twenty-five years ago, and what they would be now if the United States Government had taken complete charge of them by intervening between Oregon and Washington. During these twenty-five years the fishermen of each State have naturally tried to take all they could get, and the two legislatures have never been able to agree on joint action of any kind adequate in degree for the protection of the fisheries. At the moment the fishing on the Oregon side is practically closed, while there is no limit on the Washington side of any kind, and no one can tell what the courts will decide as to the very statutes under which this action and non-action result. Meanwhile very few salmon reach the spawning grounds, and probably four years hence the fisheries will amount to nothing; and this comes from a struggle between the associated, or gill-net, fishermen on the one hand, and the owners of the fishing wheels up the river.

Elephant - Navo

• Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.
• Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts and marshes. They prefer to stay near water.
• African elephants are listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), while the Asian elephant is classed as endangered.
• One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is the ivory trade, as the animals are poached for their ivory tusks. Other threats to wild elephants include habitat destruction and conflicts with local people.
• Elephants are used as working animals in Asia. In the past they were used in war; today, they are often put on display in zoos and circuses. Elephants are highly recognisable and have been featured in art, folklore, religion, literature and popular culture.

African Elephant

Lenin - AJ

·        Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (22 April 1870 – 21 January 1924) was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He served as head of government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1917, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death.

·        Lenin, along with Leon Trotsky, played a senior role in orchestrating the October Revolution in 1917, which led to the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.

·        In August 1887, just a few months after his brother’s death, 17-year-old Lenin entered Kazan University to study law. Lenin's profession was being a lawyer.

·        Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin gained an interest in revolutionary leftist politics following the execution of his brother Aleksandr in 1887. Expelled from Kazan State University for participating in anti-Tsarist protests, he devoted the following years to a law degree and to radical politics, becoming a Marxist.

·        On January 21, 1924, Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin died at age 53 after suffering a series of strokes.

Boxer Dogs - AJ

In the past, Boxers have performed beautifully in the ring- the circus ring that is. Because they are easily trainable, strong, and energetic, Boxer dogs used to be popular performers in the circus.

Soldiers used Boxer dogs in the the military.

Boxer dogs have floppy ears and long tails, they even have strong jaws and muscular builds.

Boxer dogs often have white markings, but if there covered with white they will be called White Boxer dogs.

Boxers are known to snore a lot when they sleep.Boxers are very good guard dogs.They will not hesitate to protect themselves or there human family.

Boxers are sometimes hard to train.Boxers are very loyal and caring dogs. 

In the past, Boxers have performed beautifully in the ring- the circus ring that is. Because they are easily trainable, strong, and energetic, Boxer dogs used to be popular performers in the circus.

Shah Jahan - Anita

• Shahabuddin Muhammad Shah Jahan, Shah Jahan (January 1594 – 22 January 1666) was the fifth Mughal Emperor of India.
• He was chosen as successor to the throne after the death of his father in 1627. He was considered one of the greatest Mughals. His rule has been called the Golden Age and one of the most prosperous ages of Indian civilization. Like Akbar, he was eager to expand his vast empire. In 1658, he fell ill and was confined by his son and successor Aurangzeb in Agra Fort until his death in 1666.
• On January 5th, 1594, Shah Jahan was born to Emperor Jahangir and Princess Manmati. 
•  In 1608, Prince Khurram was engaged to Arjumand Banu Begum – when they were 15 and 14 years old, respectively. The young girl belonged to an illustrious Persian noble family which had been serving Mughal Emperors since the reign of Akbar, the family's patriarch was Itimad-ud-Daulah, who had been Emperor Jahangir's finance minister and his son; Asaf Khan – Arjumand Banu's father – played an important role in the Mughal court, eventually serving as Chief Minister. Her aunt was the Empress Nur Jahan and is thought to have played the matchmaker in arranging the marriage. 
• Shah Jahan was the creator of the Taj Mahal. When he died, Shah Jahan and his other wife, Mumatz Mahal were buried in the Taj Mahal. 
• After his laborers finished building the Taj Mahal, Shah Jahan cut of their hands because he didn't want his laborers to go somewhere else and build something more beautiful than the Taj Mahal.

  

Jupiter - Navo

• Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System.
• It is a gas giant with mass one-thousandth of that of the Sun but is two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. Jupiter is a gas giant, along with Saturn. Uranus and Neptune are ice giants.
• Jupiter is mostly composed with hydrogen and helium.
• Jupiter has been explored on several occasions by robotic spacecraft, most notably during the early Pioneer and Voyager flyby missions and later by the Galileo orbiter.
• The most recent probe to visit Jupiter was the Pluto-bound New Horizons spacecraft in late February 2007.

Football - Navo

• American football (also known as football or gridiron) is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.
• The offense, the team with control of the oval-shaped football, attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball, while the team without control of the ball, the defense, aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves.
• The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team; if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs.
• Points can be scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team's end zone for a touchdown, kicking the ball through the opponent's goalposts for a field goal, or tackling the ball carrier in his own end zone for a safety. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins.
• American football evoled in the U.S. and the first game was played on November 6, 1869

Karl Marx - Navo

• Karl Marx German pronunciation 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, economist,sociologist, and revolutionary socialist.
• Karl's family was a wealthy middle - class.
• Karl studied at University of Bonn and University of Berlin.
• Marx's theories about society, economics and politics – the collective understanding of which is known as Marxism.
• Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history.
• Many intellectuals, labor unions and political parties worldwide have been influenced by Marx's ideas, with many variations on his groundwork.

Lake Ontario - AJ

• Lake Ontario is the 14th Largest lake in the world.
• It ranks fourth among the Great Lakes in maximum depth, but its average depth is second only to Lake Superior.
• Lake Ontario lies 325 feet below Lake Erie, at the base of Niagara Falls.
• The length of Lake Ontario 193 miles.
• Lake Ontario is 13,500 square miles.It ranks fourth among the Great Lakes in maximum depth, but its average depth is second only to Lake Superior.

Colorado River - Anita

• The Colorado River is 1450 miles in length.
• The river flows through seven 7 states of the United States (including Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada and California) and 2 Mexican states.
• Most of the major dams along the Colorado River basin were built between 1910 and 1970. One of the most well-known is the Hoover Dam which was built in 1935.
• The river was nicknamed the River of Law because of all the legal disputes that have involved the flow of the river and its water over the years. It is now one of the most highly controlled rivers in the world.
• The Colorado River was known as the Red River due to the particles of silt carried in its waters. However, after the Glen Canyon Dam was built in 1963, the colored silt was trapped behind the dam and the river stopped looking red.
• The Colorado River has an average depth of about 20 feet. Although, it is nearly 100 feet deep in places.
• The water of the river used to reach 80 degrees F, but due to the dams it is now very cold all year around staying at about 42 degrees F. With the change in temperature many of the fish that once lived in the Colorado River can no longer thrive in the river’s waters.

Mustang Horse - Anita

• ·         Mustangs are horses that descend from Spanish, or Iberian that were brought to America by Spanish people in the 16th century. The word Mustang comes from Mustengo, which means "ownerless horse" or "stray horse."
• ·         The last prehistoric North American horses died out between 13,000 and 11,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene, but by then Equus had spread to Asia, Europe, and Africa. 
• ·         After the Spanish reintroduced Mustangs to America, Native Americans use these beasts for transportation.
• ·         Mustangs are a medium-sized breed of horse. They measure around 14 to 15 hands. Mustangs have a wide variety of colors. Usually, they are bay, which is a reddish brown, or sorrel, which is a chestnut color. They can also have a variety of colors, patches, spots and stripes.
• ·         Horses are omnivores, so they eat plants and oats. Mustangs are wild horses, so they eat grass and brush.
• ·         Mustangs live in the grassland areas of the western United States. The Bureau of Land Management manages the U.S. mustang population and allows the horses run free on 34 million acres of public land. About 271,000 mustangs have been removed from private land by the government since 1971, according to the American Wild Horse Preservation Organization. Most of the mustang populations are found in the Western states of Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Wyoming, Utah, Oregon, California, Arizona, North Dakota and New Mexico. Some also live on the Atlantic coast and on islands such as the Sable, Shackle ford, Assassinate and Cumberland Islands.
• ·         Mustangs usually live for 40 years. Hurt or disabled horses are protected by the herd.
• ·         Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osOgH7mMEgg

Russia - Navo

• The nation's history began with that of the East Slavs, who emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD.
• Russia played a big role in allies in World War II.
• Russia is realized for many states and nuclear weapons.
• Russia makes a lot of energy products and has the largest reserve in the world.
• The capital of Russia is Moscow and its largest city.
• The population of Russia is 143,900,000.

Linux - AJ

·       Linux Kernel was written by a 21 year finish college student as a part of his hobby. Yup! His name is Linus Torvalds.

·       Standard Linux Kernel of today has over 10 Million lines of code and it grows at the rate of10% every year. About 4500 lines of codes are added and 1500 lines of code are changed every day. Initially in 1991, Linux kernel version 0.01 was released with 10239 lines of code.

·       A guy named William Della Croce Jr. registered the name Linux and demanded royalty for using its name and mark. However he agreed to handover the trademark to Linus, later.

·       90% of the world’s most powerful supercomputers are using GNU/Linux. Top ten of supercomputers use Linux. 33.8% of the world runs on Linux servers compared to 7.3% running Microsoft Windows operating system.

·       Linux Torvalds has been honored by naming an asteroid after his name.

·       For those who think Linux can’t do Animation – Oscar-winning visual effects of the Titanic by James Cameron came from machines with Linux and Avatar was the last movie completely developed in 3D Applications on Linux platform using Foss Software.

The Nile River - Anita

• The Nile is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, generally regarded as the longest river in the world. It is 6,853 km (4,258 miles) long. The Nile is an "international" river as its water resources are shared by eleven countries, namely, Tanzania, Uganda,Rwanda, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan and Egypt. In particular, the Nile is the primary water source of Egypt and Sudan.
• The Nile has two major tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile. The White Nile is considered to be the headwaters and primary stream of the Nile itself. The Blue Nile, however, is the source of most of the water and fertile soil. The White Nile is longer and rises in the Great Lakes region of central Africa, with the most distant source still undetermined but located in either Rwanda or Burundi. It flows north through Tanzania, Lake Victoria, Uganda and South Sudan. The Blue Nile begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia and flows into Sudan from the southeast. The two rivers meet near the Sudanese capital of Khartoum.
• The northern section of the river flows north almost entirely through the Sudanese desert to Egypt, then ends in a large delta and empties into the Mediterranean Sea. Egyptian civilization and Sudanese kingdoms have depended on the river since ancient times. Most of the population and cities of Egypt lie along those parts of the Nile valley north of Aswan, and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along riverbanks.
• In the ancient Egyptian language, the Nile is called Ḥ'pī or Iteru, meaning "river", represented by the hieroglyphs shown on the left (literally itrw, and 'waters'determinative).^[8] In Coptic, the words piaro (Sahidic) or phiaro (Bohairic) meaning "the river", "the.canal-great") come from the same ancient name.
• The English name Nile and the Arabic names en-Nîl and an-Nîl both derive from the Latin Nilus and the Ancient Greek Νεῖλος. Beyond that, however, the etymology is disputed. One possible etymology derives it from a Semitic Nahal, meaning "river". The standard English names "White Nile" and "Blue Nile" to refer to the river's headwaters derive from Arabic names formerly applied only to the Sudanese stretches which meet at Khartoum.
• Link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ss5UY2_60vc